Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products
Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers where technical or scientific knowledge is required in such areas as biology, engineering, chemistry, and electronics, normally obtained from at least 2 years of postsecondary education.
- O*NET-SOC code
41-4011.00 - Preparation Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed
Wages
| 10th | 25th | Median | 75th | 90th |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| $52,600 | $75,030 | $104,920 | $158,160 | $200,440 |
By state (51)
| State | Employment | Median annual | Location quotient |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 2,780 | $87,140 | 0.72 |
| Alaska | 440 | $77,080 | 0.75 |
| Arizona | 8,860 | $100,620 | 1.49 |
| Arkansas | 1,520 | $71,830 | 0.64 |
| California | 27,590 | $124,220 | 0.83 |
| Colorado | 4,150 | $135,000 | 0.79 |
| Connecticut | 2,980 | $98,000 | 0.96 |
| Delaware | 960 | $107,830 | 1.08 |
| District of Columbia | 600 | $92,940 | 0.47 |
| Florida | 19,840 | $107,700 | 1.09 |
| Georgia | 5,700 | $128,850 | 0.64 |
| Hawaii | 540 | $126,110 | 0.47 |
| Idaho | 1,880 | $101,390 | 1.20 |
| Illinois | 7,350 | $107,570 | 0.66 |
| Indiana | 4,370 | $102,910 | 0.75 |
| Iowa | 2,580 | $103,380 | 0.90 |
| Kansas | 2,440 | $130,850 | 0.93 |
| Kentucky | 4,170 | $97,640 | 1.14 |
| Louisiana | 2,340 | $124,200 | 0.66 |
| Maine | $101,850 | ||
| Maryland | 6,330 | $95,040 | 1.25 |
| Massachusetts | 11,650 | $118,980 | 1.75 |
| Michigan | 9,140 | $125,650 | 1.13 |
| Minnesota | 4,960 | $103,000 | 0.92 |
| Mississippi | 810 | $74,990 | 0.38 |
| Missouri | 5,060 | $94,840 | 0.94 |
| Montana | 690 | $83,610 | 0.73 |
| Nebraska | 1,700 | $84,400 | 0.91 |
| Nevada | 1,880 | $98,500 | 0.66 |
| New Hampshire | 2,660 | $97,960 | 2.12 |
| New Jersey | 5,600 | $131,360 | 0.71 |
| New Mexico | 980 | $87,310 | 0.61 |
| New York | 10,500 | $129,410 | 0.59 |
| North Carolina | 11,990 | $125,370 | 1.32 |
| North Dakota | 510 | $102,720 | 0.65 |
| Ohio | 9,870 | $108,370 | 0.97 |
| Oklahoma | 3,970 | $72,480 | 1.27 |
| Oregon | 3,040 | $113,830 | 0.85 |
| Pennsylvania | 7,190 | $103,790 | 0.65 |
| Rhode Island | 530 | $117,670 | 0.57 |
| South Carolina | 3,760 | $111,190 | 0.89 |
| South Dakota | 1,730 | Not available | 2.07 |
| Tennessee | 8,290 | $94,450 | 1.38 |
| Texas | 44,400 | $99,080 | 1.72 |
| Utah | 3,930 | Not available | 1.23 |
| Vermont | 410 | $95,900 | 0.73 |
| Virginia | 6,060 | $128,270 | 0.81 |
| Washington | 9,960 | $127,390 | 1.53 |
| West Virginia | 760 | $97,230 | 0.59 |
| Wisconsin | 3,390 | $78,480 | 0.63 |
| Wyoming | 280 | $100,850 | 0.55 |
Similar occupations
Similarity is our measure: the cosine of importance x level over all 120 O*NET skills, knowledge areas and abilities. It is not an O*NET finding. More.
Circles are the 20 most similar occupations, coloured by Job Zone. Lines join pairs where one is among the other's 10 most similar; darker lines are pairs O*NET also lists as related. Drag a circle to move it out of the way; select one to open it.
| # | Occupation | Job Zone | Similarity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Advertising Sales Agents | 3 | 0.970 |
| 2 | Retail Salespersons | 1-2 | 0.967 |
| 3 | Fundraisers | 4 | 0.965 |
| 4 | Insurance Sales Agents | 4 | 0.963 |
| 5 | Real Estate Sales Agents | 1-2 | 0.962 |
| 6 | Marketing Managers | 4 | 0.961 |
| 7 | Sales Managers | 4 | 0.959 |
| 8 | Sales Engineers | 4 | 0.959 |
| 9 | Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers | 1-2 | 0.955 |
| 10 | Solar Sales Representatives and Assessors | 3 | 0.955 |
One skill away
Among the 50 occupations most similar to Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products, those at the same Job Zone or lower, where exactly one skill rated at least 3 in importance needs a level more than 0.75 points higher (on O*NET's 0-7 level scale). Our definition. Change the thresholds.
| Occupation | Skill to build | Level gap | Similarity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents | Systems Evaluation | 1.00 | 0.954 |
| Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists | Systems Evaluation | 1.13 | 0.947 |
| Project Management Specialists | Management of Personnel Resources | 0.88 | 0.944 |
Software to learn next
Software used by at least 3 of the 20 occupations most similar to Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products, excluding software Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products already lists and any you named. Ranked by how many of them use it, weighted by how much more common it is among them than across all occupations (lift). Our ranking.
| Software | Similar jobs using it | Lift |
|---|---|---|
| 13 of 20 | 4.4x | |
| Delphi Technology | 7 of 20 | 7.5x |
| Social media sites | 7 of 20 | 7.5x |
| Oracle Eloqua | 6 of 20 | 9.5x |
| Apple Keynote | 5 of 20 | 13.6x |
| Microsoft Teams | 6 of 20 | 8.7x |
| Yardi software | 6 of 20 | 8.7x |
| IBM Cognos Impromptu | 7 of 20 | 6.1x |
| Adobe Creative Cloud software | 8 of 20 | 4.7x |
| Fund accounting software | 6 of 20 | 7.7x |
Skills
From O*NET data. Importance is rated 1 to 5 and level 0 to 7.
| Skill | Type | Importance | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| Persuasion | Transferable skill | 4.25 | 4.00 |
| Speaking | Essential skill | 4.25 | 4.00 |
| Active Listening | Essential skill | 4.12 | 4.12 |
| Negotiation | Transferable skill | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| Social Perceptiveness | Transferable skill | 3.88 | 3.75 |
| Reading Comprehension | Essential skill | 3.75 | 4.12 |
| Service Orientation | Transferable skill | 3.75 | 3.38 |
| Coordination | Transferable skill | 3.62 | 3.38 |
| Active Learning | Essential skill | 3.50 | 3.75 |
| Critical Thinking | Essential skill | 3.38 | 3.75 |
| Writing | Essential skill | 3.38 | 3.62 |
| Complex Problem Solving | Transferable skill | 3.38 | 3.12 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | Transferable skill | 3.12 | 3.38 |
| Monitoring | Essential skill | 3.12 | 3.12 |
| Time Management | Transferable skill | 3.12 | 3.00 |
| Instructing | Transferable skill | 2.88 | 3.12 |
| Systems Analysis | Transferable skill | 2.88 | 3.00 |
| Mathematics | Essential skill | 2.88 | 2.88 |
| Learning Strategies | Essential skill | 2.75 | 3.00 |
| Management of Financial Resources | Transferable skill | 2.62 | 2.62 |
| Management of Personnel Resources | Transferable skill | 2.62 | 2.50 |
| Management of Material Resources | Transferable skill | 2.50 | 2.50 |
| Systems Evaluation | Transferable skill | 2.12 | 2.62 |
| Operations Analysis | Transferable skill | 2.12 | 2.50 |
| Technology Design | Transferable skill | 2.00 | 1.62 |
| Operation and Control | Transferable skill | 2.00 | 1.25 |
| Programming | Transferable skill | 2.00 | 1.00 |
| Operations Monitoring | Transferable skill | 1.88 | 1.62 |
| Quality Control Analysis | Transferable skill | 1.88 | 1.12 |
| Equipment Selection | Transferable skill | 1.62 | 0.62 |
| Science | Essential skill | 1.50 | 0.62 |
| Equipment Maintenance | Transferable skill | 1.00 | not rated |
| Installation | Transferable skill | 1.00 | not rated |
| Repairing | Transferable skill | 1.00 | not rated |
| Troubleshooting | Transferable skill | 1.00 | not rated |
Knowledge (33) and abilities (52)
| Name | Importance | Level |
|---|---|---|
| Customer and Personal Service | 4.42 | 4.58 |
| Sales and Marketing | 4.31 | 4.78 |
| English Language | 3.66 | 3.66 |
| Administration and Management | 3.17 | 3.59 |
| Mathematics | 3.16 | 3.69 |
| Production and Processing | 3.10 | 3.38 |
| Computers and Electronics | 3.03 | 3.81 |
| Administrative | 2.85 | 3.32 |
| Engineering and Technology | 2.61 | 2.65 |
| Education and Training | 2.59 | 2.76 |
| Psychology | 2.54 | 2.55 |
| Communications and Media | 2.46 | 2.30 |
| Telecommunications | 2.44 | 1.84 |
| Economics and Accounting | 2.36 | 1.97 |
| Transportation | 2.27 | 2.10 |
| Chemistry | 2.17 | 2.06 |
| Design | 2.16 | 2.06 |
| Geography | 2.06 | 1.86 |
| Personnel and Human Resources | 2.05 | 1.63 |
| Law and Government | 1.93 | 1.84 |
| Mechanical | 1.91 | 1.61 |
| Sociology and Anthropology | 1.83 | 1.55 |
| Public Safety and Security | 1.66 | 1.28 |
| Foreign Language | 1.57 | 0.99 |
| Building and Construction | 1.56 | 1.13 |
| Therapy and Counseling | 1.47 | 0.96 |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 1.46 | 0.81 |
| Physics | 1.35 | not rated |
| Philosophy and Theology | 1.30 | 0.88 |
| Food Production | 1.28 | not rated |
| Biology | 1.25 | not rated |
| History and Archeology | 1.18 | not rated |
| Fine Arts | 1.10 | not rated |
| Name | Importance | Level |
|---|---|---|
| Oral Expression | 4.50 | 4.62 |
| Oral Comprehension | 4.00 | 4.50 |
| Speech Clarity | 4.00 | 4.12 |
| Speech Recognition | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| Written Comprehension | 3.88 | 4.00 |
| Written Expression | 3.75 | 3.88 |
| Deductive Reasoning | 3.50 | 3.88 |
| Near Vision | 3.25 | 3.62 |
| Fluency of Ideas | 3.12 | 3.62 |
| Problem Sensitivity | 3.12 | 3.62 |
| Originality | 3.00 | 3.62 |
| Inductive Reasoning | 3.00 | 3.25 |
| Information Ordering | 3.00 | 3.25 |
| Memorization | 3.00 | 3.12 |
| Category Flexibility | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Number Facility | 2.88 | 3.12 |
| Speed of Closure | 2.88 | 2.88 |
| Mathematical Reasoning | 2.88 | 2.75 |
| Far Vision | 2.75 | 2.75 |
| Flexibility of Closure | 2.75 | 2.75 |
| Selective Attention | 2.75 | 2.25 |
| Time Sharing | 2.62 | 2.12 |
| Visualization | 2.50 | 2.25 |
| Perceptual Speed | 2.50 | 2.12 |
| Finger Dexterity | 2.38 | 2.00 |
| Visual Color Discrimination | 2.12 | 2.00 |
| Control Precision | 2.00 | 1.88 |
| Multilimb Coordination | 2.00 | 1.88 |
| Trunk Strength | 2.00 | 1.75 |
| Auditory Attention | 2.00 | 1.62 |
| Hearing Sensitivity | 2.00 | 1.62 |
| Depth Perception | 1.88 | 1.50 |
| Arm-Hand Steadiness | 1.00 | not rated |
| Dynamic Flexibility | 1.00 | not rated |
| Dynamic Strength | 1.00 | not rated |
| Explosive Strength | 1.00 | not rated |
| Extent Flexibility | 1.00 | not rated |
| Glare Sensitivity | 1.00 | not rated |
| Gross Body Coordination | 1.00 | not rated |
| Gross Body Equilibrium | 1.00 | not rated |
| Manual Dexterity | 1.00 | not rated |
| Night Vision | 1.00 | not rated |
| Peripheral Vision | 1.00 | not rated |
| Rate Control | 1.00 | not rated |
| Reaction Time | 1.00 | not rated |
| Response Orientation | 1.00 | not rated |
| Sound Localization | 1.00 | not rated |
| Spatial Orientation | 1.00 | not rated |
| Speed of Limb Movement | 1.00 | not rated |
| Stamina | 1.00 | not rated |
| Static Strength | 1.00 | not rated |
| Wrist-Finger Speed | 1.00 | not rated |
Software used
Examples from O*NET data. "Hot" and "in demand" are O*NET flags for technologies often listed in job postings.
- Microsoft Excel in demand
- Microsoft Office software in demand
- Microsoft Outlook in demand
- Salesforce software in demand
- Amazon Web Services AWS software hot
- Apache Hadoop hot
- Google Analytics hot
- Google Workspace software hot
- HubSpot software hot
- IBM SPSS Statistics hot
- Intuit QuickBooks hot
- Linux hot
- Microsoft Access hot
- Microsoft Azure software hot
- Microsoft PowerPoint hot
- Microsoft Project hot
- Microsoft SharePoint hot
- Microsoft Word hot
- Oracle Database hot
- Oracle PeopleSoft hot
- R hot
- SAP software hot
- SAS hot
- Teradata Database hot
- Zoom hot
- AMG Teleran SalesInSync
- Act!
- ActionWare
- AdTrack Customer Acquisition Management CAM
- Cegedim Target Software Target SFA Pharmaceutical Suite
All 63
- Citrix cloud computing software
- Enterprise application integration EAI software
- FileMaker Pro
- Google Ads
- HEAT Software GoldMine
- IBM InfoSphere DataStage
- IBM Notes
- Infor ERP SyteLine
- InsideSales.com
- Khameleon
- LexisNexis
- LogMeIn GoToMeeting
- LogMeIn GoToWebinar
- McAfee
- MicroStrategy
- Microsoft Dynamics
- Microsoft Exchange
- Microsoft Publisher
- NetSuite ERP
- NetSuite NetCRM
- NortonLifeLock cybersecurity software
- Oracle Fusion Applications
- Oracle Hyperion
- SAP Sybase SQL Anywhere
- Salesforce.com Salesforce CRM
- Scheduling software
- StataCorp Stata
- Tax software
- Virtual private networking VPN software
- Voice over internet protocol VoIP system software
- Web browser software
- YouTube
Where it concentrates
Metro areas ranked by BLS location quotient: the occupation's share of the area's jobs divided by its share of all US jobs. Above 1 means more concentrated than the nation. Metros employing fewer than 100 are left out.
| Metro area | Employment | Location quotient | Median annual |
|---|---|---|---|
| Harrisonburg, VA | 440 | 3.66 | $129,960 |
| Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX | 8,620 | 3.64 | $83,170 |
| Durham-Chapel Hill, NC | 1,920 | 3.04 | $131,120 |
| Raleigh-Cary, NC | 3,550 | 2.61 | $102,260 |
| Sioux Falls, SD-MN | 700 | 2.15 | Not available |
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA | 7,910 | 2.07 | $129,550 |
| Salt Lake City-Murray, UT | 2,910 | 1.92 | Not available |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX | 13,400 | 1.81 | $99,270 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH | 8,670 | 1.75 | $122,550 |
| Manchester-Nashua, NH | 600 | 1.64 | $89,190 |