Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials
Officiate at competitive athletic or sporting events. Detect infractions of rules and decide penalties according to established regulations. Includes all sporting officials, referees, and competition judges.
- O*NET-SOC code
27-2023.00 - Preparation Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
Wages
Median annual wage, U.S.$40,710
Employment, U.S.15,780
Median hourly wageNot available
| 10th | 25th | Median | 75th | 90th |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| $26,540 | $32,260 | $40,710 | $57,160 | $82,960 |
By state (39)
| State | Employment | Median annual | Location quotient |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona | 210 | $46,440 | 0.62 |
| California | 1,950 | $44,530 | 1.06 |
| Colorado | 1,120 | $44,230 | 3.84 |
| Connecticut | 200 | $39,530 | 1.15 |
| Florida | 280 | $37,070 | 0.28 |
| Georgia | 280 | $28,360 | 0.57 |
| Idaho | 170 | $32,250 | 1.93 |
| Illinois | 690 | $49,070 | 1.11 |
| Indiana | 170 | $46,140 | 0.52 |
| Iowa | 190 | $43,040 | 1.23 |
| Kansas | $25,780 | ||
| Kentucky | 290 | Not available | 1.45 |
| Louisiana | 310 | $50,080 | 1.56 |
| Maine | 180 | Not available | 2.72 |
| Massachusetts | 250 | $48,400 | 0.68 |
| Michigan | 340 | $34,560 | 0.76 |
| Minnesota | 320 | Not available | 1.08 |
| Mississippi | 60 | $27,060 | 0.55 |
| Missouri | 1,240 | $33,140 | 4.16 |
| Montana | 60 | $36,370 | 1.18 |
| Nebraska | 40 | $31,390 | 0.36 |
| New Jersey | 420 | $67,600 | 0.97 |
| New York | 630 | Not available | 0.64 |
| North Carolina | 400 | $26,540 | 0.80 |
| North Dakota | 180 | $63,920 | 4.20 |
| Ohio | 580 | $55,040 | 1.03 |
| Oklahoma | 220 | $21,900 | 1.25 |
| Oregon | 170 | $38,730 | 0.84 |
| Pennsylvania | 320 | $44,200 | 0.51 |
| South Carolina | 50 | $61,290 | 0.23 |
| South Dakota | 80 | $35,260 | 1.80 |
| Tennessee | 380 | Not available | 1.13 |
| Texas | 650 | $42,920 | 0.45 |
| Utah | 1,100 | $31,430 | 6.26 |
| Vermont | 80 | $46,080 | 2.44 |
| Virginia | 260 | $40,840 | 0.63 |
| Washington | 400 | $41,350 | 1.12 |
| West Virginia | 50 | $46,490 | 0.68 |
| Wisconsin | 300 | $57,000 | 1.00 |
Similar occupations
Similarity is our measure: the cosine of importance x level over all 120 O*NET skills, knowledge areas and abilities. It is not an O*NET finding. More.
Circles are the 20 most similar occupations, coloured by Job Zone. Lines join pairs where one is among the other's 10 most similar; darker lines are pairs O*NET also lists as related. Drag a circle to move it out of the way; select one to open it.
| # | Occupation | Job Zone | Similarity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Childcare Workers | 1-2 | 0.944 |
| 2 | Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers | 1-2 | 0.930 |
| 3 | Transportation Security Screeners | 1-2 | 0.927 |
| 4 | Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education | 3 | 0.926 |
| 5 | Psychiatric Aides | 1-2 | 0.926 |
| 6 | Nannies | 1-2 | 0.925 |
| 7 | School Bus Monitors | 1-2 | 0.922 |
| 8 | Gambling Surveillance Officers and Gambling Investigators | 1-2 | 0.922 |
| 9 | Teaching Assistants, Special Education | 3 | 0.921 |
| 10 | Correctional Officers and Jailers | 1-2 | 0.917 |
One skill away
Among the 50 occupations most similar to Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials, those at the same Job Zone or lower, where exactly one skill rated at least 3 in importance needs a level more than 0.75 points higher (on O*NET's 0-7 level scale). Our definition. Change the thresholds.
| Occupation | Skill to build | Level gap | Similarity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psychiatric Aides | Social Perceptiveness | 1.37 | 0.926 |
| Nannies | Social Perceptiveness | 1.00 | 0.925 |
| Gambling Surveillance Officers and Gambling Investigators | Monitoring | 0.76 | 0.922 |
| Correctional Officers and Jailers | Social Perceptiveness | 1.00 | 0.917 |
| Animal Trainers | Learning Strategies | 1.00 | 0.917 |
| Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping | Quality Control Analysis | 1.75 | 0.903 |
| Personal Care Aides | Service Orientation | 1.13 | 0.902 |
| First-Line Supervisors of Gambling Services Workers | Management of Personnel Resources | 1.50 | 0.899 |
| Flight Attendants | Service Orientation | 0.87 | 0.899 |
| Passenger Attendants | Service Orientation | 0.87 | 0.898 |
Software to learn next
Software used by at least 3 of the 20 occupations most similar to Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials, excluding software Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials already lists and any you named. Ranked by how many of them use it, weighted by how much more common it is among them than across all occupations (lift). Our ranking.
| Software | Similar jobs using it | Lift |
|---|---|---|
| Seesaw | 4 of 20 | 13.2x |
| Schoology | 4 of 20 | 9.7x |
| Tadpoles | 3 of 20 | 17.3x |
| Google Classroom | 4 of 20 | 8.4x |
| Edmodo | 3 of 20 | 13.8x |
| Padlet | 3 of 20 | 8.1x |
| Nearpod | 3 of 20 | 6.9x |
| Flipgrid | 3 of 20 | 6.0x |
| Scheduling software | 4 of 20 | 2.6x |
| Google Meet | 3 of 20 | 3.1x |
Skills
From O*NET data. Importance is rated 1 to 5 and level 0 to 7.
| Skill | Type | Importance | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| Speaking | Essential skill | 3.62 | 3.12 |
| Critical Thinking | Essential skill | 3.38 | 3.50 |
| Active Listening | Essential skill | 3.25 | 3.00 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | Transferable skill | 3.25 | 3.00 |
| Monitoring | Essential skill | 3.12 | 3.12 |
| Reading Comprehension | Essential skill | 3.00 | 3.12 |
| Active Learning | Essential skill | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Coordination | Transferable skill | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Learning Strategies | Essential skill | 3.00 | 2.88 |
| Complex Problem Solving | Transferable skill | 3.00 | 2.75 |
| Social Perceptiveness | Transferable skill | 3.00 | 2.75 |
| Time Management | Transferable skill | 2.88 | 2.88 |
| Instructing | Transferable skill | 2.88 | 2.75 |
| Negotiation | Transferable skill | 2.75 | 2.75 |
| Service Orientation | Transferable skill | 2.75 | 2.75 |
| Persuasion | Transferable skill | 2.75 | 2.62 |
| Writing | Essential skill | 2.75 | 2.50 |
| Mathematics | Essential skill | 2.50 | 2.12 |
| Systems Evaluation | Transferable skill | 2.38 | 1.88 |
| Management of Personnel Resources | Transferable skill | 2.12 | 2.00 |
| Systems Analysis | Transferable skill | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Quality Control Analysis | Transferable skill | 2.00 | 1.00 |
| Operations Analysis | Transferable skill | 1.75 | 1.00 |
| Operations Monitoring | Transferable skill | 1.75 | 0.75 |
| Technology Design | Transferable skill | 1.50 | 0.50 |
| Science | Essential skill | 1.38 | 0.75 |
| Troubleshooting | Transferable skill | 1.38 | 0.38 |
| Equipment Maintenance | Transferable skill | 1.12 | not rated |
| Equipment Selection | Transferable skill | 1.12 | not rated |
| Operation and Control | Transferable skill | 1.12 | not rated |
| Installation | Transferable skill | 1.00 | not rated |
| Management of Financial Resources | Transferable skill | 1.00 | not rated |
| Management of Material Resources | Transferable skill | 1.00 | not rated |
| Programming | Transferable skill | 1.00 | not rated |
| Repairing | Transferable skill | 1.00 | not rated |
Knowledge (33) and abilities (52)
| Name | Importance | Level |
|---|---|---|
| English Language | 3.43 | 3.43 |
| Education and Training | 2.90 | 3.33 |
| Administration and Management | 2.85 | 3.00 |
| Customer and Personal Service | 2.67 | 2.86 |
| Psychology | 2.55 | 2.55 |
| Communications and Media | 2.35 | 2.45 |
| Mathematics | 2.24 | 1.95 |
| Computers and Electronics | 2.20 | 2.45 |
| Transportation | 2.10 | 1.76 |
| Administrative | 2.05 | 2.10 |
| Public Safety and Security | 2.05 | 1.95 |
| Personnel and Human Resources | 1.95 | 1.90 |
| Law and Government | 1.71 | 1.29 |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 1.67 | 1.14 |
| Design | 1.62 | 1.00 |
| Sales and Marketing | 1.60 | 0.90 |
| Sociology and Anthropology | 1.55 | 1.15 |
| Biology | 1.53 | not rated |
| Fine Arts | 1.52 | not rated |
| Therapy and Counseling | 1.52 | 0.86 |
| Physics | 1.52 | 0.76 |
| Philosophy and Theology | 1.48 | 1.05 |
| Telecommunications | 1.48 | 0.67 |
| Economics and Accounting | 1.45 | 0.75 |
| Building and Construction | 1.43 | not rated |
| Geography | 1.42 | 1.00 |
| Engineering and Technology | 1.33 | not rated |
| History and Archeology | 1.33 | not rated |
| Production and Processing | 1.33 | not rated |
| Foreign Language | 1.29 | not rated |
| Mechanical | 1.29 | not rated |
| Chemistry | 1.19 | not rated |
| Food Production | 1.19 | not rated |
| Name | Importance | Level |
|---|---|---|
| Far Vision | 3.88 | 4.00 |
| Oral Expression | 3.88 | 3.75 |
| Oral Comprehension | 3.75 | 3.88 |
| Near Vision | 3.75 | 3.50 |
| Problem Sensitivity | 3.62 | 3.75 |
| Speech Clarity | 3.62 | 3.50 |
| Deductive Reasoning | 3.25 | 3.25 |
| Speech Recognition | 3.25 | 3.00 |
| Selective Attention | 3.12 | 4.00 |
| Perceptual Speed | 3.12 | 3.62 |
| Flexibility of Closure | 3.12 | 3.50 |
| Time Sharing | 3.12 | 3.12 |
| Speed of Closure | 3.00 | 3.12 |
| Written Comprehension | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Inductive Reasoning | 3.00 | 2.88 |
| Trunk Strength | 3.00 | 2.88 |
| Memorization | 3.00 | 2.75 |
| Information Ordering | 2.88 | 2.88 |
| Stamina | 2.88 | 2.75 |
| Category Flexibility | 2.88 | 2.62 |
| Written Expression | 2.88 | 2.62 |
| Auditory Attention | 2.75 | 2.62 |
| Visual Color Discrimination | 2.75 | 2.50 |
| Visualization | 2.62 | 2.62 |
| Gross Body Coordination | 2.62 | 2.50 |
| Hearing Sensitivity | 2.50 | 2.00 |
| Spatial Orientation | 2.38 | 2.12 |
| Extent Flexibility | 2.25 | 2.12 |
| Reaction Time | 2.12 | 2.12 |
| Response Orientation | 2.12 | 2.12 |
| Dynamic Strength | 2.12 | 2.00 |
| Mathematical Reasoning | 2.12 | 1.88 |
| Multilimb Coordination | 2.12 | 1.88 |
| Number Facility | 2.12 | 1.88 |
| Static Strength | 2.12 | 1.62 |
| Gross Body Equilibrium | 2.00 | 2.12 |
| Speed of Limb Movement | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Peripheral Vision | 2.00 | 1.75 |
| Depth Perception | 2.00 | 1.62 |
| Explosive Strength | 2.00 | 1.00 |
| Arm-Hand Steadiness | 1.88 | 1.75 |
| Fluency of Ideas | 1.88 | 1.75 |
| Originality | 1.88 | 1.75 |
| Finger Dexterity | 1.88 | 1.25 |
| Glare Sensitivity | 1.75 | 1.12 |
| Manual Dexterity | 1.75 | 0.75 |
| Sound Localization | 1.75 | 0.75 |
| Rate Control | 1.62 | 0.62 |
| Wrist-Finger Speed | 1.50 | 0.50 |
| Dynamic Flexibility | 1.25 | not rated |
| Control Precision | 1.00 | not rated |
| Night Vision | 1.00 | not rated |
Software used
Examples from O*NET data. "Hot" and "in demand" are O*NET flags for technologies often listed in job postings.
- Adobe Acrobat hot
- Microsoft Excel hot
- Microsoft Office software hot
- Microsoft Outlook hot
- Microsoft PowerPoint hot
- Microsoft Word hot
- Database software
- Email software
- Video editing software
- Web browser software
Where it concentrates
Metro areas ranked by BLS location quotient: the occupation's share of the area's jobs divided by its share of all US jobs. Above 1 means more concentrated than the nation. Metros employing fewer than 100 are left out.
| Metro area | Employment | Location quotient | Median annual |
|---|---|---|---|
| Provo-Orem-Lehi, UT | 420 | 13.62 | $29,790 |
| Springfield, MO | 150 | 6.54 | $30,920 |
| Salt Lake City-Murray, UT | 450 | 5.38 | $31,430 |
| Kansas City, MO-KS | 490 | 4.37 | $37,650 |
| St. Louis, MO-IL | 520 | 3.83 | $34,360 |
| Stockton-Lodi, CA | 110 | 3.58 | $38,760 |
| Baton Rouge, LA | 120 | 3.00 | $65,230 |
| Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO | 490 | 3.00 | $42,350 |
| Oklahoma City, OK | 150 | 2.11 | $21,760 |
| Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN | 140 | 2.07 | $40,840 |